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A loose mass of soil and/or rock fragments transported and deposited by water Mineralogical reconstitution of a rock by hydrothermal fluids, as distinct from atmospheric weathering (eg; carbonate, chlorite, clay, hematite, sericite) A mafic volcanic rock composed essentially of andesine (calcic plagioclase) and one or more of the mafic minerals pyroxene, olivine and hornblende An area where exploration has revealed results higher (or lower) than the normal or expected level encountered in such an area A fold where the rock strata dip outwards away from the axis AssayQuantitative laboratory determination of the content of valuable metals contained within a rock Audio Magneto - Telluric geophysical technique to measure electrical conductivity Gold bearing Chemical sedimentary rock consisting of finely alternating layers of silica and iron oxide A fine grained mafic volcanic rock Older rocks which underlie more recent deposits A low-lying region where eroded water-borne sediments accumulate Layering of strata in sedimentary rocks Solid rock underlying superficial weathered rock or soil A common rock forming mineral, member of the mica group Fractured, said of a rock composed of angular fragments embedded in a matrix A near-surface layer formed through ground water precipitation of calcium carbonate, sampled as a means of detecting transported gold. Containing fossil organic material in the form of coal or graphite A rock or a component of rock composed primarily of calcium, magnesium or iron and CO3 A rock with a fine-grained glassy, highly siliceous composition and appearance A common rock forming mineral, member of the mica group Geological features which are parallel to the bedding of the country rock A coarse-grained sedimentary rock composed of rounded to sub-angular pebbles, cobbles or boulders set in a finer grained matrix Surface which marks the change between rocks of different types The rock mass surrounding a mineral deposit or intrusion A large, stable portion of the earth's crust A vertical plane perpendicular to geologic strikeCrustal Suture Zone/ BreakRegional deep crustal fracture Controlled Source AMT survey A fine-grained to glassy acid volcanic rock A general term for the processes of folding, faulting, shearing, compression and extension of rocks as a result of various earth forces A body of mineralisation that may or may not be economic to mine Rotary drilling with diamond impregnated bits to produce a solid, continuous core sample of the rock Structural zone created by the injection of rocks from depth. The angle at which a rock layer or any other planar feature is inclined from the horizontal A feature that is not parallel to the bedding or foliation of the country rock A scattered distribution of generally fine-grained mineral through a rock Cylindrical sample of rock produced by diamond drilling Sample of rock produced by percussion drilling methods such as reverse circulation (RC) drilling A tabular body of intrusive igneous rock, crosscutting the host strata A geophysical survey technique which may detect buried sulphide mineralisation Mineralisation deposited at shallow depth by ascending hot fluids, commonly in fault zones or fissures (also; epithermal event, system, alteration) An exploration licence issued under the Mining Acts of South Australia or Victoria Geological environment where crustal forces have extended or stretched the Earth's crust allowing movement of mineralised fluids. Proprietory airborne geophysical technique for measuring the gradient of the gravity field A fracture or zone of fractures in rocks along which rocks on one side have moved relative to the other side (also; fault system, zone, deformation) A group of common rock-forming minerals Used to describe light-coloured rocks containing an abundance of feldspars and quartz Iron-rich A bend in strata; that is, a change in the amount of dip of a bed, and also often a change in the direction of a dip The banding or lamination in metamorphic rocks, as distinguished from stratification in sedimentary rocks The mass of rock below a fault, vein or zone of mineralisation An abbreviation for grams per tonne, a unit of measurement of the concentration of gold in rock, equivalent to parts per million A mineral in direct association with ore The study of the variation of chemical elements in rocks and soils; a method of exploration based on this The study of the physical properties of rocks, such as magnetism, conductivity and density; a method of exploration based on this by inferring geologic features from measurements of physical properties A large depressed area of the crust, in which sediments and volcanic rocks are deposited A general term for rocks that have undergone a high level of heating and/or pressure. A ferruginous deposit remaining after the oxidisation of the original sulphide minerals in a vein or ore zone Quantity of metal per unit weight of host rock A coarse-grained igneous rock composed dominantly of quartz and K feldspar, with minor accessory ferromagnesian minerals A general term used to describe intrusive rocks of granite-like composition A geophysical technique measuring the variation in the earth's gravity field strength related to rock types. A sandstone with high levels of rock fragments and silt A form of iron oxide (Fe2O3) Referring to mineralisation or ore containing metal grades well above the average grade of the deposit Referring to a specific rock type or layer of rock that is preferentially mineralised Pertaining to heated water, in particular the process by which hot water-rich solutions transfer materials or alter rocks (also; hydrothermal event, system, alteration) Rock formed by solidification from a molten state An area or group of rock surrounded by rocks of younger age Refers to the length of continuous mineralisation encountered in a drill hole, trench or channel sample A body of igneous rock that has been injected while molten into pre-existing rocks A geophysical survey technique which may detect buried sulphide mineralisation A style of deposit, commonly associated with gravity and magnetic anomalies A ferruginous sedimentary rock, usually indurated The Joint Ore Reserves Committee and ASX standard for the publication of resources, reserves and related information Joint venture Large scale linear feature recognised in geological or geophysical data, interpreted as a possible controlling structure for mineralisation Rock unit defined by mineral composition Generally tabular body of mineralisation or ore where hydrothermal fluids have altered and reconstituted the original rock Referring to mineralisation or ore containing gold grades well below the average Dark coloured rocks composed dominantly of magnesium, and iron-rich rock-forming silicate minerals A molten liquid, formed within the crust or upper mantle of the Earth, which may consolidate to form an igneous rock. A survey made for the purpose of recording the magnetic characteristics of rocks; may be a ground survey or from an aircraft A form of iron oxide (Fe3O4) A term used to describe rocks which are homogeneous in texture or fabric, lacking bedding, foliation etc Rock comprising more than approximately 40% sulphide mineralisation Metamorphosed greywacke Rock which has been altered in composition or texture by the effects of heat and/or pressure Metamorphosed sedimentary rocks The process by which minerals are introduced into a rock. More generally a term applied to accumulations of economic or related minerals in quantities ranging from anomalous to economically recoverable A volume of rock which contains mineralisation An intrusive rock with approximately equal amounts of alkali and plagioclase feldspar with little or no quartz Excavation produced by surface mining in which ore is extracted from a pit Mineral bearing rock which is expected to be mineable at a profit Geological period of crustal scale deformation The process of weathering of rock by exposure to air and circulating ground waters The angle at which linear geologic features, such as ore shoots or fold axes, are inclined from the horizontal An intrusive mass of igneous rock An igneous rock containing phenocrysts, in which larger crystals are surrounded by a groundmass of finer grains Abbreviation for parts per million/billion, a unit of measurement of the concentration of metal in rock or soil An area of a tenement which has demonstrated potential to host an orebody General terms for the perceived potential for the discovery of an orebody based on the knowledge of factors such as favourable geologic setting, structures, alteration, geochemical and/or geophysical responses, and the occurrence of mineralisation, etc. An iron sulphide mineral found as an accessory mineral in igneous rocks A common rock forming mineral composed of silicon dioxide Rotary Air Blast, a rotary drilling technique that uses compressed air to clear the drill bit of cuttings and return them to the surface A geophysical survey technique in which measurements are made of variations of natural radiation levels Reverse Circulation, a rotary percussion drilling technique in which the samples are returned to the surface inside the drill rods minimising sample loss and contamination Rare Earth Elements The era of geologic time covering the period from approximately 8 thousand years ago to the present The unconsolidated material that overlies bedrock An identified in-situ mineral occurrence from which valuable or useful minerals may be recovered. Mineral resources are divided into Inferred, Indicated and Measured categories according to the JORC Code Crustal break or fracture zone on a continental scale A fine-grained to glassy acid volcanic rock A mica-bearing crystalline metamorphic rock Rocks formed of particles deposited from water, wind or ice A chronological succession of sedimentary or volcanic rocks A vertical or inclined tunnel from the surface excavated to provide access in an underground mine Zone in which rocks have been deformed by lateral movement along parallel planes An elongated or lens-like orebody, commonly with a preferred plunge direction A particular andesitic rock Rock high in silica, usually caused by secondary mobilisation of silica in the weathering profile Replacement of the original rock constituents by silica, and rocks so replaced, or otherwise silica-rich Altered rocks of mainly lime-bearing silicates formed by a large influx of silica, aluminium, iron and magnesium Refers to mineralisation confined to particular sedimentary beds Geochemical sampling of stream sediments The orientation of a layer of rock or geologic structure in the horizontal plane The horizontal length of a bed, layer of rock or geologic structure Refers to the deformation of rocks by folding, fracturing, faulting and shearing, and the features created by those processes The process of convergence of two tectonic plates, one of which usually overrides the other A mineral consisting of metallic elements and sulphur The analysis of tectonic processes regarding ore fluid movement and ore deposition. Referring to processes of large-scale deformation of the earth's surface An EL or any other form of mineral licence or title, held or under application. Total Magnetic Intensity Exploration by excavation of trenches to access bedrocks below surface cover of soil etc. Refers to the composition of particular igneous rocks with high magnesium and iron contents, and low silica contents Mining methods where excavations are beneath the surface Rocks which have not been subjected to significant weathering, in which the sulphide minerals have not been broken down to oxide minerals A tabular mineral infill of a fissure or crack in a rock, commonly containing quartz Very thin, usually discontinuous veins The opening/process through which a volcano ejects igneous material Sedimentary or volcanic rocks containing an abundance of fragments derived from volcanic eruption A group of clay minerals commonly occurring as secondary minerals in cavities in igneous rocks

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